Using BufferΒΆ

  • The class supports handling different types of data sources, including streams and strings.

  • Provides methods to:

  • download_in_buffer(): Downloads data into an in-memory buffer from a stream or a string.

  • redirect_to_stdout(): Redirects the content of the buffer to stdout for further processing or display.

  • read(): Reads the content from the buffer.

  • clear(): Clears the buffer for reuse.

  • This implementation is designed for efficient handling of large data or media content like video/audio streams in memory, making it ideal for use cases like processing YouTube video data, saving temporary metadata, or streaming data to external applications.

to redirect the download to stdout:

from pytubefix import YouTube
from pytubefix import Buffer

buffer = Buffer()

url = "URL"

yt = YouTube(url)
ys = yt.streams.get_audio_only()

buffer.download_in_buffer(ys)
buffer.redirect_to_stdout()

Playing Audio on the Terminal

If the buffer contains an audio stream, you can send it directly to players like ffplay:

$ python3 main.py | ffplay -i -

In the terminal, run the script and pipe the output to ffmpeg:

$ python3 main.py | ffmpeg -i - -acodec libmp3lame output.mp3

You can send buffer data to tools like cat or less to view:

$ python3 main.py | less

Directly redirect the script output to create a file in the terminal:

$ python3 main.py > output.webm

Share via network with NC:

$ python3 main.py | nc 192.168.1.100 5000

Creating a Stream for Other Software

Route the output to audio/video editing or manipulation software.

Processing in Audacity:

Save the audio in .wav and automatically open it in Audacity:

$ python3 main.py | ffmpeg -i - -f wav - | audacity

Play a Playlist directly on the terminal instead of saving:

from pytubefix import Playlist
from pytubefix import Buffer

buffer = Buffer()

url = "url"

pl = Playlist(url)
for video in pl.videos:
    ys = video.streams.get_audio_only()

    buffer.download_in_buffer(ys)
    buffer.redirect_to_stdout()

Run the command to play the playlist in the terminal

$ python3 playlist.py | ffplay -i -

Processing in Real Time

Preview with hexdump:

$ python3 main.py | hexdump -C

Send the buffer contents to an API or other service.

import requests

response = requests.post(
"http://example.com/upload",
files={"file": buffer.read()}
)
print(response.status_code)

Encryption or Compression

Perform encryption or compression operations directly on the buffer.

Compression:

import gzip

compressed_data = gzip.compress(buffer.read())
with open("compressed.gz", "wb") as file:
    file.write(compressed_data)

Encryption Example:

from cryptography.fernet import Fernet

key = Fernet.generate_key()
cipher = Fernet(key)

encrypted_data = cipher.encrypt(buffer.read())
print("Encrypted data:", encrypted_data)

Converting the Format

If the content is multimedia, you can convert it before saving or using it. Example with ffmpeg-python:

import ffmpeg

input_stream = ffmpeg.input("pipe:", format="mp3")
output_stream = ffmpeg.output(input_stream, "output.wav")
ffmpeg.run(output_stream, pipe_stdin=True, input=buffer.read())

Distribute via Network

Use sockets to send buffer contents to other computers.

import socket

with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as s:
    s.connect(("127.0.0.1", 65432))
    s.sendall(buffer.read())

Cache in Memory

Use the buffer as a cache to avoid multiple downloads or reads.

cache = buffer.read()